Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

David Harper is the CEO and founder of Bionic Turtle. He is also a published author with a popular YouTube channel on expert finance topics. Probability distributions help investors model uncertainty ...

The binomial distribution is a key concept in probability that models situations where you repeat the same experiment several times, and each time there are only two possible outcomes—success or ...

Where \(X\) is a normally distributed random variable with mean \(\mu\) and standard deviation \(\sigma\). The peak of the curve occurs at \(x=\mu\), and the spread ...

Category theory has an excellent track record of formalizing intuitive statements of the form “this is the canonical such and such”. It has been especially effective in topology and algebra. But what ...

Relational morphology (RM) is a novel approach to word structure that bears a close relation to construction grammar (CxG). Based on the parallel architecture framework, its basic question is: what ...

People distort probability in decision under risk and many other tasks. These distortions can be large, leading us to make markedly suboptimal decisions. There is no agreement on why we distort ...

Abstract: Given two random variables X and Y, an operational approach is undertaken to quantify the “leakage” of information from X to Y. The resulting measure L (X→Y ) is called maximal leakage, and ...

Abstract: It is well known that the entropy H(X) of a discrete random variable X is always greater than or equal to the entropy H(f(X)) of a function f of X, with equality if and only if f is ...