The intervertebral disc is the "suspension system" of the spine. It absorbs the shock transmitted to the spine during walking, running, and jumping, while also enabling relative movement between the ...

The lower leg muscles include the gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior. The tibia and fibula are the two main bones supporting the lower leg muscles. The anterior, lateral, posterior, and deep ...

The deep peroneal nerve helps move the muscles in the calf and foot. It allows you to pull your foot up toward your shin, which is important for walking. Foot drop can happen if the deep peroneal ...

In clinical practice, we hear the term "sciatica" very often, don't we? But are you consciously aware that this is actually not a "diagnosis"? I believe that to find the true cause behind a patient's ...

The long tradition of systematic measurement of physical growth in childhood has largely focused on body height and weight. Those measurements have been used to construct reference curves (commonly ...

Two of the most important aspects of Duchenne muscular dystrophy care are tracking disease progression and anticipating prognosis. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive ...

Due to the contracture or degeneration of the ruptured tendon, using primary suturing to treat chronic extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon ruptures is challenging. The most common cause of EHL ...

Correspondence to Dr Masahiro Sonoo, Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku 1738605, Tokyo, Japan; sonoom{at}fk2.so-net.ne.jp The myotome of a muscle is the basis ...

Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) involves entrapment of the tibial nerve at the medial ankle beneath the flexor retinaculum and its branches, the medial and lateral plantar nerves, as they course through ...

Common peroneal nerve (CPN) injury that leads to foot drop is difficult to manage and treat. We present a new strategy for management of foot drop after CPN injury. The soleus muscular branch of the ...