When Arnold Beckman, a professor of analytical chemistry at the California Institute of Technology, was asked to devise a way to measure acidity in citrus fruit, the resulting “acidometer” ...

pH meters are used to determine the pH of a water sample or solution. There are four pH meters in the engineering laboratories. pH meters use electrodes to determine the difference in electrical ...

Calibration is essential for accurate pH measurement, but incorrect calibration is one of the most common errors. Using expired or contaminated buffers: pH buffers should be fresh and uncontaminated.