Probability Distribution Notes: Probability is a fundamental aspect of mathematics that helps us understand and quantify uncertainty. Mastery of this subject is essential for students, as it has ...

All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

We draw attention to some important nonlinear equations commonly arising in applied probability, review some known techniques to compute their minimal nonnegative solutions, propose improved iterative ...

The empirical rule describes how points are clustered in a normally-distributed data set. It states that 95% of data fall ...

A team of international physicists has brought Bayes’ centuries-old probability rule into the quantum world. By applying the ...

The `point quadrat' is a sharp needle inserted into vegetation, contacts between needle and foliage surfaces being counted. Refinement of established botanical techniques, based on the absence of ...

The Milky Way Galaxy as seen from the International Space Station Last spring scientists discovered three new Earth-sized planets outside of our solar system, raising the question: could intelligent ...

One of the characteristic features of classical chaos is the evolution of the small-scale structure in phase-space probability distributions. As a consequence of the exponential sensitivity to initial ...