The phase determines the oscillation frequency, and gain is a criterion for oscillation to exist. The four poles in the loop equation each contribute –45° phase shift accumulating the required total ...

where the wave is described by √(I(r⊥))exp(iφ(r⊥)), with intensity I(r⊥) and phase φ(r⊥); ∇⊥ and r⊥ are respectively the gradient operator and position vector in the plane perpendicular to the ...

A network of optical cavities could be used to detect gravitational waves (GWs) in an unexplored range of frequencies, according to researchers in the UK. Using technology already within reach, the ...

Nestlé USA has announced its commitment to eliminate synthetic food colors from its entire U.S. food and beverage portfolio by the middle of 2026. The company joins a growing list of major food ...

It will take years to transform business, but the journey begins now. by Marco Iansiti and Karim R. Lakhani Contracts, transactions, and the records of them are among the defining structures in our ...