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Abstract: Activation functions are pivotal in neural networks, determining the output of each neuron. Traditionally, functions like sigmoid and ReLU have been static and deterministic. However, the ...

Abstract: Optical aberration is a ubiquitous degeneration in realistic lens-based imaging systems. Optical aberrations are caused by the differences in the optical path length when light travels ...

An axon is a long, slender fiber extending from a neuron (nerve cell), which transmits messages to other neurons, muscle cells, or glands. The messages are in the form of electrical impulses, known as ...

The small intestine is the longest part of the digestive system, measuring between 10 and 16 feet. The primary function of the intestines is to absorb nutrients and vitamins and to eliminate waste.

We thank Dr. Jianzhi Zhang, Dr. Xionglei He, Dr. Weiwei Zhai, Shanshan Chen, Han Liu, Tianhan Wang, and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. This work was supported by the Strategic ...