Abstract: In this article, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP)-based optimal control strategy for a series of fractional-order nonlinear systems (FONS) with unknown control directions is ...

Abstract: This article presents an efficient method for solving the optimal tracking control policy of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) using a hybrid adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) approach. This ...

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World Liberty Financial (WLFI), the crypto venture launched in 2024 and tied to Donald Trump’s family, has become a focal point in political and crypto commentary. With its WLFI governance token and ...