Vertex matrices are graphs showing interconnected concepts or data. These graphs can take a variety of shapes from traditional rows and columns of information to floating bubbles of conceptual ...

A parabola is a curved line with particular characteristics. Any point on the curve is the same distance from a fixed point and a fixed straight line. The result looks like half of an ellipse or the ...

We consider the number of vertex independent sets i(G). In general, the problem of determining the value of i(G) is NP-complete. We present several upper and lower bounds for i(G) in terms of order, ...