Daniel Jassy, CFA, is an Investopedia Academy instructor and the founder of SPYderCRusher Research. He contributes to Excel and Algorithmic Trading. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant ...

Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker. She holds a Bachelor of Science in Finance degree from Bridgewater State University and helps develop content strategies. Learn about our ...

Have you ever opened an Excel file and felt a pang of unease? Rows upon rows of data, cryptic formulas sprawled across cells, and a tangle of manual formatting that seems one misstep away from chaos.

The conundrum of the Chiefs’ 2025 season is both as old as football and entirely unlike any situation the NFL has seen before. Consider several factors, all true at the same time, each tethered to all ...

Array constants in Microsoft Excel are powerful tools for performing multiple calculations with a single formula. Using array constants in your Excel worksheets avoids the need for lengthy or repeated ...

Social Security uses a formula based on your 35 highest-earning years to calculate retirement benefits. Claiming benefits before your full retirement age (FRA) reduces monthly payments; delaying ...

Net profit margin shows a company's remaining revenue after expenses as a percentage. To calculate net profit margin, divide net income by revenue and multiply by 100. Comparing net profit margins ...

Businesses can use the EOQ to figure out the ideal number of units they should order in order to keep costs low. Many, or all, of the products featured on this page are from our advertising partners ...

Even if you’re a Strava refuser or a smartwatch shunner, the purest of purist runners invariably have an ideal finish time in their heads when they arrive at a start line. If you’re going to hit or go ...