Fractional calculus extends the classical notions of differentiation and integration to non-integer orders, offering an adaptable framework that is particularly well suited to modelling anomalous ...
A simple invariant characterization of the scalar fourth-order ordinary differential equations which admit a variational multiplier is given. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence ...
On November 11, 1675, the world of mathematics witnessed a game-changing moment when German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time. He used it to ...
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