A random variable that can take only a certain specified set of individual possible values-for example, the positive integers 1, 2, 3, . . . For example, stock prices are discrete random variables, ...

Stochastic dominance (SD) theory is concerned with orderings of random variables by classes of utility functions characterized solely in terms of general properties. This paper discusses a type of ...

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Apply arithmetic mean of frequency distribution to find the expected value of a random variable The expected value of discrete random variable as summation of product of discrete random variable by ...

Several economic and financial time series are bounded by an upper and lower finite limit (e.g., interest rates). It is not possible to say that these time series are random walks because random walks ...