Let’s be honest—Excel can feel like a double-edged sword. On one hand, it’s an incredibly powerful tool for organizing data, crunching numbers, and making sense of the chaos. On the other, mastering ...

The empirical rule describes how points are clustered in a normally-distributed data set. It states that 95% of data fall ...

When it comes to income investing, it’s good to know the dividend payout ratio formula. It can give you insight into dividend safety. When it comes to dividend stocks, this ratio is always on my ...

The earnings per share formula is useful for valuing stocks. It’s a key part of the widely-used price-to-earnings ratio. And by gaining a better understanding of these concepts, you can make better ...

What is a good return for your portfolio? If a bond portfolio generated a 4% return over the past year, it could be considered a pretty decent return. However, investors who prioritized high-growth ...

Every investor wants to earn more money from their portfolio, but putting money into stocks and even funds can be risky. The Sortino ratio indicates how much risk an investor is taking on with their ...

Equity dividend rate calculates the yearly dividends paid per share divided by the stock price. Use this rate to assess the dividend payout effectiveness relative to stock price. Example: If dividends ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

You can combine two columns in Excel using several formulas and tools available in the software. Here's how to combine two ...

Most business owners are familiar with the term “net income.” But what about “retained earnings?” This financial metric is just as important as net income, and it’s essential to understand what it is ...

The middle class has always faced the problem that no matter how high their salary, their expenses are never met. This is ...