Compressible fluid flow through control valves will inevitably cause some form of flow-induced vibration in the fluid system. Identifying the type and cause of the vibration requires detective work.

According to the American Heart Association, valvular heart disease affects about 2.5% of adults in the United States, and more than 100,000 patients undergo valve replacement surgery each year.

The NASA brief stated, “The review included a formal presentation of the shuttle's flow control valve work, initiated after NASA identified damage to a valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November ...