Almost periodic functions serve as a powerful conceptual framework in analysing differential equations whose coefficients or forcing terms exhibit recurrent behaviour over time. Rooted in the ...

Estimate demand function to understand initial product pricing vs. quantity. Use derivative for the revenue equation to find marginal revenue changes. Marginal revenue derivative is a tool to guide ...

Heun functions, which generalise the well‐known hypergeometric functions, are solutions to the Heun differential equation – a second‐order linear differential equation with four regular singular ...

Initial value problems for first order partial functional almost linear equations with unbounded delay are considered. The functional dependence is represented by the generalized Hale operator with ...