The transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia across fish gills is waterflow-dependent, oxygen being the most flow sensitive and ammonia the least, in the reverse order of their solubilities.

The distribution and concentration of dissolved oxygen and water temperature in the oceans and freshwaters are usually far more influential in shaping the growth and reproduction of fish than the ...

If global warming causes catastrophic flooding that inundates most of the world's coastal urban areas by the end of the century, how will we cope? Biomimicry designer and material scientist Jun Kamei ...