Classical and scientific management theories emphasize efficiency and task specialization through systematic study of workers ...

In classical control theory, both open-loop and closed-loop control systems are commonly used. These systems are well understood and rather straightforward, controlling everything from washing ...

A method of social planning is presented which can be used to fulfill a social welfare criterion with normative values. The purpose is to show how a social welfare model which includes cultural norms ...

Optimal control theory for differential equations is a pivotal discipline that combines rigorous mathematical analysis with practical applications in engineering, economics, and the natural sciences.